Choosing the ideal furnace filter and changing it when it gets dirty is as important to your HVAC system as changing the oil is to your car. Each plays a critical part in keeping its system working safely, efficiently and for a long time.

A dirty furnace filter loses its effectiveness, allowing potentially harmful particles to circulate through your home. It also limits airflow, which can damage your furnace and shorten its life span.

Making certain your furnace uses a clean filter that is suitable for your needs is not only about keeping your furnace working efficiently. It’s also about creating healthy indoor air quality for your home.

The health of your family is important to the HVAC professionals at Bishop Heating & Air Conditioning. We've long focused on improving indoor air quality in Bishop. Here, we’ve answered frequent questions about HVAC filters, including that especially tricky question of what direction do you point a filter in your furnace or air conditioner?

When to Replace the Air Filter in Your Furnace

It's vital to replace dirty air filters in a furnace or air conditioner routinely. Dirt-clogged filters cause the system to worker harder than it should because it takes extra work to move air through the plugged-up filter.

Officials advise examining your furnace filter monthly and replacing it if it’s dirty. You’ll know if your filter needs changing because it will be gray or black from dirt or dust. Those who have pets that shed will very likely need to replace their furnace air filter more often, because an effective air filter will trap pet hair circulating in a home.

How to Find the Furnace's Air Filter

In general, a furnace air filter is normally installed in the return air duct or blower compartment before the return air goes back into the furnace. This is so air being pulled into the system is filtered before it goes through the furnace components and is heated.

Depending on the type of furnace, the filter may be found on the right, left, bottom or in some cases, inside the furnace. It's usually housed in a slot, frame or cabinet for simple access and replacement. Always refer to your furnace's owner manual for facts regarding filter location of your furnace.

Are Air Filters and Furnace Filters the Same Thing?

The easy answer is, yes. In HVAC, a furnace filter and an air filter or AC filter are essentially the same thing. While people might refer to them differently based on the current season— summer or winter—they are all filters that clean the air in your home.

They each remove dust, allergens, bacteria and other particulates from the air that is drawn into the furnace and air conditioning system, ensuring the air distributed throughout your home is clean and safe.

What Is a MERV Rating and What Rating Is Best for Me?

Once you locate your old furnace filter and determine when it should be substituted for a clean one, it’s time to choose a replacement. That means picking the level of filtration that you need. One way to do that is by picking an appropriate MERV rating for your needs.

MERV stands for Minimum Efficiency Reporting Values. The MERV rating measures the effectiveness of air filters at trapping airborne molecules. The rating scale ranges from 1 to 20, with greater numbers indicating a greater ability to filter small particles.

Experts say a filter with a MERV rating between 8 and 13 offers an appropriate balance between having adequate indoor air quality without unnecessarily restricting airflow. However, people with certain health conditions may need to use a filter with a higher MERV rating.

Which Way to Put the Air Filter in a Furnace or AC Unit

Installing an air filter in a furnace or air conditioner the proper way is necessary for the efficient operation of the unit. Air filters have a specific direction, indicated by an arrow printed on the side of the filter frame. The filter should be put in with this arrow pointing at the furnace or AC, which is the direction of the airflow. If you're not sure about the airflow direction, remember that air always moves from the return duct towards the heat or cooling source. Therefore, be sure that the arrow points at the furnace or AC.

Many people are confused by which direction to face an air filter. To help remember, consider taking a quick picture with your mobile phone after the filter has been properly installed by a professional. Or, you also could ask a technician to use a marker to write on the outside of your furnace which direction the filter should point. A perfect time to ask about this is during a routine furnace maintenance appointment.

How to Change a Furnace Air Filter

Replacing the filter on your furnace or air conditioner is a quick and easy process. Here is a step-by-step list of how to take out a dirty air filter and replace it with a new one:

  1. Turn off your furnace: Make a point to turn off your furnace before starting the process.
  2. Find the furnace filter: Typically, the filter is positioned inside the furnace or in the air return vent. Make a mental note or write down which direction the arrow points on the filter, because you’ll want the arrow on the new filter to point similarly.
  3. Take out the old filter: Be mindful not to knock out any dust or particles.
  4. Record the date: Write down the date you changed filters on the new filter's frame. This will make it easier to keep track of when it's time for another replacement.
  5. Put in new filter: Put in the new filter with the arrow pointing toward the furnace, which is the direction of airflow and should be the same direction the arrow pointed on the dirty filter you just removed.
  6. Secure the filter: Make sure the new filter fits nicely and close any latches or clips that secure it in place.
  7. Turn on your furnace: Once the clean filter is safely installed, you can turn your furnace back on.

Will a Dirty Air Filter Cause Problems for a Furnace?

The short answer is, yes, a dirty air filter can cause a furnace to cease working or shorten its lifespan. Changing your furnace or AC filter is one of the best things you can do to keep your system working efficiently.